Spin States of Cobalt Ions in the Bulk and on the Surface of LaCoO3 Probed by X-ray Absorption, Emission, and Photoelectron Spectra

We present X-ray photoelectron, Co $${{L}_{{2,3}}}$$ and O K absorption, as well $$K{{\beta }_{{1,3}}}$$ emission spectroscopy results of studies the spin states trivalent cobalt ions in single-crystal cobaltite LaCoO 3 . show that at room temperature, bulk a single crystal, 3+ are low-spin state, while high-spin 2+ , probably also intermediate-spin located on surface.